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Torymidae

Torymid wasps of the Afrotropical Region

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Chalcidoidea)

ClassificationIdentification keys

Chalcimerinae (Western Palaearctic)
Glyphomerinae (Holarctic)
Microdontomerinae
Monodontomerinae
Podagrioninae
Toryminae
Distribution

Worldwide.

Biology Ectoparasitoids or phytophagous inquilines of gall-forming insects usually Cynipidae and Cecidomyiidae. Or primary parasitoids or hyperparasitoids of various Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, or Coccoidea (Gibson, 1993; Grissell, 1995).

References

Bouček, Z. 1978. A study of the non-podagrionine Torymidae with enlarged hind femora, with a key to the African genera (Hymenoptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 41: 91-134.

Boucek, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. pp. 832pp. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd; Aberystwyth, Wales.

Burks, B.D. 1969. New Perilampidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Proceedings of Entomological Society of Washington 71: 73-81.

Burks R, Mitroiu M-D, Fusu L, Heraty JM, Janšta P, Heydon S, Papilloud ND-S, Peters RS, Tselikh EV, Woolley JB, van Noort S, Baur H, Cruaud A, Darling C, Haas M, Hanson P, Krogmann L, Rasplus J-Y. 2022. From hell’s heart I stab at thee! A determined approach to rendering Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera) monophyletic. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94:13-88. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263

Cruaud A, Rasplus J-Y, Zhang J, Burks R, Delvare G, Fusu L, Gibson GAP, Gumovsky A, Hanson P, Huber JT, Janšta P, Mitroiu M-D, Noyes JS, van Noort S, Baker A, Böhmová J, Baur H, Blaimer BB, Brady SG, Bubeníková K, Chartois M, Copeland RS, Dale-Skey Papilloud N, Dal Molin A, Darling C, Dominguez C, Fisher N, Gates MW, Gebiola M, Guerrieri E, Haas M, Hansson C, Heydon S, Kresslein RL, Krogmann L, Moriarty Lemmon E, Mottern J, Murray E, Nidelet S, Nieves Aldrey JL, Perry R, Peters RS, Pinto JD, Polaszek A, Sauné L, Schmidt S, Torréns J, Triapitsyn S, Tselikh EV, Ubaidillah R, Yoder M, Lemmon A, Woolley JB, Heraty JM. 2024. The Chalcidoidea bush of life – Evolutionary history of a massive radiation of minute wasps. Cladistics 40: 34-63. http://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12561

Gibson G.A.P. 1993. Superfamilies Mymarommatoidea and Chalcidoidea (pp. 570-655). In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Gibson, G.A.P., Huber, J.T., Woolley, J.B. (Editors) 1997. Annotated keys to the genera of Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) :794pp National Research Council Research Press, Ottawa, Canada.

Grissell, E.E. 1995. Toryminae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Torymidae). Associated Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, 470pp.

Heraty, J.M., Burks, R.A., Cruaud, A., Gibson, G.A.P., Liljeblad, J., Munro, J., Rasplus, J.-Y., Delvare, G., Janšta, P., Gumovsky, A., Huber, J., Woolley, J.B., Krogmann, L., Heydon, S., Polaszek, A., Schmidt, S., Darling, D.C., Gates, M.W., Mottern, J., Murray, E., Dal Molin, A., Triapitsyn, S., Baur, H., Pinto, J.D., van Noort, S., George, J. & Yoder, M. 2013. A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Cladistics 29: 466–542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cla.12006

Janšta, P & Cruaud, A & Delvare, G & Genson, G & Heraty, J & Krizkova, B & Rasplus, J-Y. 2017. Torymidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) revised: Molecular phylogeny, circumscription and reclassification of the family with discussion of its biogeography and evolution of life-history traits. Cladistics. 10.1111/cla.12228.

Janšta P, Delvare G, Krogmann L, Schütte K, Peters RS. 2016. Systematics, biology and distribution of Microdontomerus iridis (Picard, 1930), comb. n. (Hymenoptera, Torymidae, Toryminae, Microdontomerini), a parasitoid of Mantodea oothecae. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 48: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.48.7470

Lotfalizadeh, H & Gharali, B & Rasplus, J-Y.2020. Thaumatorymus Ferričre and Novicky, 1954 (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), a rare and monotypic genus discovered in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 9 (3): 411-419.

Risbec, J. 1951. 1. Les Chalcidoides de l'Afrique occidentale française. Mémoires de l'Institute Français d'Afrique Noire, Ifan-Dakar 13: 7-409.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa), or © Vida van der Walt (header image), or photographs http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, or photographs © Petr Jansta (Charles University, Prague).


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

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