Chaenusa anervata van Achterberg, 2012 (South Africa)

Chaenusa seminervata van Achterberg, 2012 (South Africa)

Distribution

Madagascar, South Africa. Also in all other world regions.

Biology

Aquatic parasitoids of Hydrellia species (Diptera: Ephydridae), aquatic leafminers of a couple of plant genera in the family Hydrocharitaceae (Baars et al. 2010; Bownes 2014; Cabrera Walsh et al. 2013; Coetzee et al. 2011; van Achterberg & Prinsloo, 2012; Wheeler and Center 2001).

References

Baars JR, Coetzee JA, Martin G, Hill M, Caffrey J. (2010) Natural enemies from South Africa for biological control of Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss ex Wager (Hydrocharitaceae) in Europe. Hydrobiologia 656: 149-–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0427-0
Bownes A (2014) Suitability of a leaf-mining fly Hydrellia sp., for biological control of the invasive aquatic weed, Hydrilla verticillata in South Africa. Biocontrol 59: 771-–780.
Cabrera Walsh G, Dalto YM, Mattioli FM, Carruthers RI, Anderson LW (2013) Biology and ecology of Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa) and its specific herbivore, Hydrellia sp., in Argentina. Biocontrol 58: 133-–147.
Coetzee, J.A., Bownes, A. & Martin, G.D. 2011. Prospects for the biological control of submerged macrophytes in South Africa. In: Moran, V.C., Hoffmann, J.N. & Hill, M.P. (Eds) Biological Control of Invasive Alien Plants in South Africa (1992–2010). 469–487. African Entomology (Special Issue) 19(2).

Fischer, M. 1997. Taxonomische Untersuchungen über Kieferwespen (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) der Alten Welt. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Serie B Botanik und Zoologie. 99B: 97-143.
Fischer, M. 1994. Untersuchungen über Dacnusini der Alten Welt (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge. 26(1): 249-288.
Granger, C. 1949. Braconides de Madagascar. Mémoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar. (A)2:1-428.

van Achterberg, C. & Prinsloo, G.L. 2012. Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 20: 124–133.

van Noort S, Smith R, Coetzee JA. 2021. Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62: 287–314. https://doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842

Wheeler GS, Center TD (2001) Impact of the biological control agent Hydrellia pakistanae (Diptera: ephydridae) on the submersed aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae). Biological Control 21: 168-–181.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa).

Map Illustration © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa).